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41.
Sugar uptake into strawberry fruit is stimulated by abscisic acid and indoleacetic acid 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Changes in sugar uptake into strawberry fruits with maturation and the hormonal effect on uptake mechanisms, though important to fruit development, are not known. Therefore, the kinetics of sugar uptake into strawberry ( Fragaria x ananassa Duch cv. Nyoho) fruit tissue and the effects of abscisic acid (ABA) and indoleacetic acid (LAA) on the mechanism of uptake were investigated at 25 and 35 days after pollination (DAP). Uptake of 14 C-sugar was measured over the concentration range of 2 to 30 m M. Uptake kinetics showed a biphasic response to increasing external concentration of 14 C-sugars, and indicated the presence of P -chlorormercuribenzenesulfonic acid (PCMBS)-sensitive and PCMBS-insensitive uptake. The Km value for each sugar was in the range of 10 to 20 m M. Stage of development had no effect on Km. but Vmax for glucose decreased with maturation. Further, sucrose was not taken up through a PC-MBS-sensitive transport at 35 DAP. ABA, especially 10 μ M , at 25 DAP stimulated uptake of all sugars, mostly through enhanced PCMBS-insensitive uptake but not PC-MBS-sensitive uptake. In contrast to ABA, stimulation of sugar uptake by IAA was most effective at 1 μ M . The PCMBS-insensitive uptake of each sugar was also stimulated by IAA. Further, the PCMBS-sensitive uptake of glucose was enhanced. The developmental change of PCMBS-sensitive sugar uptake and the effect of ABA and IAA on uptake mechanism in this study are considered to be important in influencing the development and enlargement of fruits. 相似文献
42.
Chuankui Song Shuai Zhao Xiaotong Hong Jingyi Liu Katja Schulenburg Wilfried Schwab 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2016,85(6):730-742
Physiologically active acylphloroglucinol (APG) glucosides were recently found in strawberry (Fragaria sp.) fruit. Although the formation of the APG aglycones has been clarified, little is known about APG glycosylation in plants. In this study we functionally characterized ripening‐related glucosyltransferase genes in Fragaria by comprehensive biochemical analyses of the encoded proteins and by a RNA interference (RNAi) approach in vivo. The allelic proteins UGT71K3a/b catalyzed the glucosylation of diverse hydroxycoumarins, naphthols and flavonoids as well as phloroglucinols, enzymatically synthesized APG aglycones and pelargonidin. Total enzymatic synthesis of APG glucosides was achieved by co‐incubation of recombinant dual functional chalcone/valerophenone synthase and UGT71K3 proteins with essential coenzyme A esters and UDP‐glucose. An APG glucoside was identified in strawberry fruit which has not yet been reported in other plants. Suppression of UGT71K3 activity in transient RNAi‐silenced fruits led to a loss of pigmentation and a substantial decrease of the levels of various APG glucosides and an anthocyanin. Metabolite analyses of transgenic fruits confirmed UGT71K3 as a UDP‐glucose:APG glucosyltransferase in planta. These results provide the foundation for the breeding of fruits with improved health benefits and for the biotechnological production of bioactive natural products. 相似文献
43.
Clones of Fragaria were characterized by the attenuance (absorption) spectra of their photosynthetic apparatus. This method uses fourth derivative analysis of spectra of intact lamina of detached leaves at room temperature (20–25 C). Twenty-one different species and hybrids of Fragaria were examined. F. chiloensis accessions frequently have characteristic fourth derivative spectra distinct from that of other Fragaria species. These spectra are characterized by a strong band that appears to be photosystem I component Ca 693; and is correlated with a higher chlorophyll b content per unit area of leaf, and a lower chlorophyll a/b ratio.Abbreviations Chl
chlorophyll
- chiloensis
Fragaria chiloensis
- 4th deriv
fourth derivative
- PSI
photosystem I
- PSH
photosystem II 相似文献
44.
D. V. Shaw 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(1-2):261-264
Strawberry genotypes selected for superior fruit yield or chosen at random from first-generation self, full-sib, and half-sib
populations were crossed to provide second-generation inbred progenies and composite cross-fertilized control populations.
Mean yields for inbred offspring from crosses among selected parents exceeded those from the offspring of unselected parents
by 87%, 23%, and 37% for self, full-sib, and half-sib populations, respectively; yields for offspring from unrelated crosses
among selected parents were 54% larger than those for crosses among unselected parents. Selection for yield also resulted
in significant correlated response for fruit number and plant diameter. Mean yields for second-generation half-sib and full-sib
offspring from selected parents were greater than those for offspring from the unselected but non-inbred control population.
This suggests that selection can be a powerful force in counteracting most of the inbreeding depression expected in cross-fertilized
strawberry breeding programs. Selection treatment× inbreeding rate interactions were non-significant for all traits; thus,
selection among partially inbred offspring did not have a large effect on the rate of genetic progress. Differential realized
selection intensity among individuals with differing levels of homozygosity accumulated due to inbreeding is suggested as
the most likely explanation for the absence of association between pedigree inbreeding coefficients and cross performance
detected previously in strawberry.
Received: 21 July 1996 / Accepted: 7 March 1997 相似文献
45.
The effect of 0–7.5 × 10−3 μmol abscisic acid (ABA) on the transpiration of strawberry ( Fragaria grandiflora Duch. ev. Red gauntlet), both under illumination and in darkness, was investigated with the use of an infrared gas analyser. Mathematical analysis of the results suggests that the decrease in transpiration after darkening can be described by a series of first-order processes with continuous distribution of rate constants k. Application of ABA makes the rate constant distribution narrower, so that one single rate constant occurs at the highest doses. ABA accelerates the decrease of transpiration more in darkness than under illumination. This suggests that the process of efflux of osmotically active particles from guard cells is influenced more than influx. For ABA doses greater than 7.5 × 104 μmol, the transpiration decreases in two stages, of which only the first one seems to be affected by ABA: but above this dose further acceleration of decay of transpiration after darkening is not observed. The observations may indicate that above this critical dose of ABA the rate determining step consists in guard cell wall relaxation rather than in efflux of osmotica. 相似文献
46.
47.
Isolation of micropropagated strawberry endophytic bacteria and assessment of their potential for plant growth promotion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Armando C. F. Dias Francisco E. C. Costa Fernando D. Andreote Paulo T. Lacava Manoel A. Teixeira Laura C. Assumpção Welington L. Araújo João L. Azevedo Itamar S. Melo 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(2):189-195
Twenty endophytic bacteria were isolated from the meristematic tissues of three varieties of strawberry cultivated in vitro,
and further identified, by FAME profile, into the genera Bacillus and Sphingopyxis. The strains were also characterized according to indole acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization and potential for
plant growth promotion. Results showed that 15 strains produced high levels of IAA and all 20 showed potential for solubilizing
inorganic phosphate. Plant growth promotion evaluated under greenhouse conditions revealed the ability of the strains to enhance
the root number, length and dry weight and also the leaf number, petiole length and dry weight of the aerial portion. Seven
Bacillus spp. strains promoted root development and one strain of Sphingopyxis sp. promoted the development of plant shoots. The plant growth promotion showed to be correlated to IAA production and phosphate
solubilization. The data also suggested that bacterial effects could potentially be harnessed to promote plant growth during
seedling acclimatization in strawberry. 相似文献
48.
ANTONIO JESÚS SERRATO ELENA MARÍA YUBERO-SERRANO LUISA MARÍA SANDALIO JUAN MUÑOZ-BLANCO ANA CHUECA JOSÉ LUIS CABALLERO & MARIAM SAHRAWY 《Plant, cell & environment》2009,32(7):811-827
A full-length FBPase cDNA has been isolated from Fragaria × ananassa (strawberry) corresponding to a novel putative chloroplastic FBPase but lacking the regulatory redox domain, a characteristic of the plastidial isoenzyme (cpFBPaseI). Another outstanding feature of this novel isoform, called cpFBPaseII, is the absence of the canonical active site. Enzymatic assays with cpFBPaseII evidenced clear Mg2+ -dependent FBPase activity and a K m for fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) of 1.3 m m . Immunolocalization experiments and chloroplast isolation confirmed that the new isoenzyme is located in the stroma. Nevertheless, unlike cpFBPaseI, which is redox activated, cpFBPaseII did not increase its activity in the presence of either DTT or thioredoxin f (TRX f ) and is resistant to H2 O2 inactivation. Additionally, the novel isoform was able to complement the growth deficiency of the yeast FBP1 deletion fed with a non-fermentable carbon source. Furthermore, orthologues are restricted to land plants, suggesting that cpFBPaseII is a novel and an intriguing chloroplastic FBPase that emerged late in the evolution of photosynthetic organisms, possibly because of a pressing need of land plants. 相似文献
49.
50.
Ashley MV Wilk JA Styan SM Craft KJ Jones KL Feldheim KA Lewers KS Ashman TL 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,107(7):1201-1207
The objectives of the present study were to develop microsatellite markers for the wild strawberry, Fragaria virginiana, to evaluate segregation patterns of microsatellite alleles in this octoploid species, and assess genetic variability at microsatellite loci in a wild population. A genomic library was screened for microsatellite repeats and several PCR primers were designed and tested. We also tested the use of heterologous primers and found that F. virginiana primers amplified products in cultivated strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa Duch. and Fragaria chiloensis. Similarly, microsatellite loci developed from cultivated strawberry also successfully amplified F. virginiana loci. We investigated four microsatellite loci in detail, three developed from F. virginiana and one from cultivated strawberry. A survey of 100 individuals from a population of F. virginiana in Pennsylvania demonstrated high heterozygosities (He or gene diversity ranged from 0.80 to 0.88 per locus) and allelic diversity (12–17 alleles per locus), but individual plants had no more than two alleles per locus. Segregation patterns in parents and progeny of two controlled crosses at these four loci were consistent with disomic Mendelian inheritance. Together these findings suggest that the genome of F. virginiana is "highly diploidized" and at least a subset of microsatellite loci can be treated as codominant, diploid markers. Significant heterozygote deficiencies were found at three of the four loci for hermaphroditic individuals but for only one locus among females in this gynodioecious species.Communicated by J. Dvorak 相似文献